Are Your Wages at Risk
of Garnishment?
Medical bills, credit cards, personal loans — find out exactly what creditors can do in your state and what protections you have. Takes under a minute.
Check My State NowHow Wage Garnishment Works
Understanding the process helps you know what to expect — and when to act.
Wage garnishment is a legal process where a creditor instructs your employer to withhold a portion of your paycheck and send it directly to them — but only after winning a court judgment against you.
For most private consumer debts — including medical bills, credit cards, and personal loans — creditors must sue first. You'll receive a summons and have a window to respond before any judgment can be entered.
Federal law caps garnishment at 25% of disposable income or the amount over 30× the federal minimum wage, whichever is less. Many states set lower caps, and four states ban it entirely for consumer debt.
Knowing your state's rules lets you negotiate more effectively, respond to lawsuits in time, or seek legal help before things escalate.
- 01
Creditor files a lawsuit
Creditor sues in civil court. You are served and typically have 20–30 days to respond.
- 02
Judgment is entered
If you don't respond or lose, the court enters a judgment against you. Judgments can often be renewed.
- 03
Garnishment order issued
Creditor applies for a garnishment order. Your employer is legally required to comply.
- 04
Wages withheld each pay period
A percentage of each paycheck is sent to the creditor until the debt is paid in full.
Check Your Garnishment Risk
Answer three quick questions. We'll show you exactly what creditors can do in your state.
Which state do you live in?
Garnishment rules vary significantly by state.
Have more questions?
We've answered the most common questions about debt collection, lawsuits, and garnishment law.
View all FAQs →Still unsure about your situation?
This tool is a starting point, not a final answer. A consumer law attorney can review your specific case — many offer free initial consultations.